The section above compares curtain wall with window wall. When each one suits a building, and what changes in the detailing and in the quotation, is covered in Curtain wall vs window wall.
- What materials is a curtain wall made of?
- The frame is extruded aluminium, as vertical mullions and horizontal transoms. The infill is glass, aluminium composite panel, metal panel, or stone. It is completed by structural sealant, gaskets, and steel brackets tying the frame back to the building. That material combination determines most of a facade's cost and weight.
- How thick is a curtain wall?
- Curtain wall glass is generally 8 to 12 mm as a single layer, and thicker where laminated or double glazing is used. Mullion depth has no standard figure: it follows the floor-to-floor span and the wind load at your building's height, so the number comes out of the calculation.
- Why does a curtain wall need fire stops and gondola access?
- Because a curtain wall passes the slab edge, it needs a fire stop at every interface with the floor, and gondola access for maintenance. A curtain wall is fixed outside the floor slab edge and runs continuously past several floors, hung from the building structure.
- When should unitized be used instead of stick?
- Unitized usually makes sense above roughly ten storeys, where panels repeat and the installation schedule is tight. Stick makes sense where the facade design varies a lot or may still change. We calculate both when a project sits on the boundary.
- What is the difference between tempered and laminated glass?
- Tempering treats one pane; lamination builds two or more panes onto an interlayer. Tempering heats and rapidly cools the pane, leaving its surfaces in compressive stress, so it is stronger in bending and breaks into small blunt fragments. The interlayer holds the fragments bonded to itself, so broken glass does not fall as loose shards. The two combine; facade plies are normally heat-strengthened, not fully tempered: tempered fragments lose interlock, letting a broken laminate sag from its frame, while larger heat-strengthened fragments stay keyed in place. Unlaminated, heat-strengthened glass is not safety glass. We set each panel's treatment from its height in the facade and what is below it.
- What is Low-E glass?
- Low-E means low emissivity, an insulation property of the glass rather than solar control by itself. A Low-E coating carries both an emissivity figure and a solar-gain figure. On its own it lowers solar heat only a little, while a coating or glass tuned for solar control cuts it materially. Body-tinted heat-absorbing glass and hard-coat reflective glass, durable on an exposed surface, give that control in single glazing. High-performance sputtered coatings must sit in a sealed cavity, not on an exposed surface, so double glazing is a reasoned cost step rather than the price of solar control. We propose the glass specification and lock it in the shop drawing.